The government has submitted to the State Duma a bill to increase from January 1, 2016 the minimum wage (SMIC) by 4% – to 5965 rubles. up to 6204 rubles. per month. Given this “homeopathic” gain value of the minimum wage in the next year will amount to 53.6% of the subsistence minimum.
In the explanatory memorandum to the bill states that the proposal to raise the minimum wage by only 4% would “save the business activity in the real economy” and jeopardize “the most vulnerable” category of employers. Thus, we can assume that the support of the domestic manufacturer is planned not by reduction of preferential rates on loans, public investment, easing the tax burden, and by further fall in living standards.
hostage of this situation are already about 23 million people, whose revenues in the first half were lower than the subsistence minimum. According to Rosstat, the national average, this figure rose by 17.3%. Compared with the same period of 2014 increase in the number of Russian citizens who are at a dangerous level, was 3.1 million. People.
Since the social benefits and wage grid has already disconnected from the minimum wage, its performance is practically nothing on impact, says member of the State Duma Committee on Budget and Taxes Oksana Dmitrieva .
– Another thing is that a minimum wage linked to the value of administrative fines, as well as a fixed pension contributions and the calculation of non-contributory periods. But you can not say that to him directly tied welfare payments.
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Previously, the minimum wage was pegged to the first digit of the wage scale, but now it does not exist. The minimum wage is used in pressure by the tax authorities on business. Because labor legislation retained the rate that the salary is not less than the established minimum wage.
«SP”: – But article 133 of the Labour Code that the minimum wage can not be below the subsistence level, in fact has not been canceled?
– Yes, and this position is the basis of social policy. Otherwise, it turns out, legally employed people receive wages below the subsistence level. Therefore, the size determines the size of the legal minimum wage of the earnings.
Although wages below the minimum wage gets a very small percentage of the working population. But in general, setting this parameter to deliberately lower level has a dumping effect on the labor market. Because we are talking about the mechanism by which the state can regulate the market.
And because of the weakness of our trade unions in defending labor rights, the function to protect them should be taken by the state. Associations of wage earners with this task can not cope.
«SP”: – There is information that the government intends to lower the bar of Russians living wage. Officials cite the fact that the foods included in the minimum consumer basket, allegedly became cheaper.
– I do not think that the cabinet will go on it. Another thing is that the cost of living will not be indexed properly (in terms of real inflation – approx. Ed.).
A living wage – it is just a tool to determine the size of all sorts of benefits and social payments. It also affects the receipt of additional payments to the federal pension if a person’s income is below the official subsistence level. In addition, there are a number of regional regulations, which take into account the value of the subsistence level for similar purposes.
So that it is to a much greater degree is the basis for determining the size of social benefits than the minimum wage.
«SP”: – Given that the planned federal and regional levels of indexing the minimum subsistence level does not correspond to the actual level of inflation, it can lead to a decrease in income levels and life of citizens?
– In fact it is not the most important regulatory instrument of the state in this area. Much more important – is the size of pensions, which will be indexed by only 4%.
«SP”: – The second stage of indexing will depend on the state of the economy, improvement of which experts in the next year does not predict …
– The government raises pensions to a level much lower than the rate of inflation. What here to speak about the subsistence level. Retired almost all are near the poverty line. Because there are additional expenses (for medicines, medical care in general, other circumstances), which instantly pushed pensioners established state subsistence level.
Do not forget about the wages of state employees, which is not indexed properly . There are a number of categories, which receive very low wages … Especially now, when in the public sector wage determined by the head organizations. General statistics on the country gives the averaged index. The result is that someone “thick” and who “empty.” This is the notorious “average temperature in the hospital».
Compensation for benefits in due measure not indexed. And all this is happening against the backdrop of crying cuts in education and health. On health care spending in the budget cut for the fourth year in a row, and education – the third.
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The artificial suppression of growth in the minimum wage will affect the standard of living of the population agrees Director of the Institute of Globalization and Social Movements, Boris Kagarlitsky .
– It is no secret that the minimum wage employers are guided. Many of them pay legal wages, starting from the officially established minimum. The remaining payments are made through the “gray schemes” – people paid “in cash” in the envelope, which affects the reduction of the tax base, reducing the volume of payments in the insurance and pension funds. The result is the growth of the shadow economy.
Therefore, there are “holes” in the budget of the FIU that the state has to be patched at the expense of those same taxpayers commercialized unfunded medicine and education.
«SP”: – That is, , fiscal problems are solved by reducing the living standards of the population. Is there an alternative to this course?
– The problem is that our government does not carry out a competent policies to solve the problem of the budget deficit even in the face of falling oil prices and the economic sanctions against Russia.
Our liberal bloc is still guided by a false promise. According to which, the main sources of inflation are not acting stranded tariffs of natural monopolies, lack of access to credit, bank speculation in currency devaluation, lack of import substitution, the costs of public administration (in the form of a monstrous corruption), and the alleged social spending – the growth of salaries and pensions. Life refutes this myth. We own eyes see that the salaries, pensions and other social payments are virtually frozen, while the rate of inflation since the beginning of the year according to official data already crossed the mark of 12%.
The government is pursuing a policy of freezing wages, in fact, it kills purchasing power in the country. That, in turn, makes it impossible to implement the claimed authority of import and only contributes to spiraling economic crisis. At the same time, inflation remains the “invincible».
The Russian government much that promises to citizens, but rarely perform its obligations, notes financial analyst Stepan Demur .
– The same applies to the implementation of the imperative of Article 133 of the Labour Code, according to which the minimum wage should be equal to the cost of living. Instead of developing the economy, increasing the tax base, our ministers monetarists prefer to follow the path of least resistance – to cut social spending. Government “skrebёt susekam” sweeping out of the economy last remnants of monetary liquidity.
If you look at the budget for 2016, it will not find it in serious allocations for fighting the crisis and support the business. If you believe the head of IEG Alexei Ulyukayev , we have reached the “bottom of the crisis” (do not know what is already on the account). Irrational decisions will lead to the fact that we bottom “break” and fell even deeper.
«SP”: – that the Cabinet does not Medvedev, more or less clear. And what specific anti-crisis measures it could take to stop the impending collapse?
– How to increase the tax base and, therefore, revenues of the budget – is the economic ABC. It is necessary to reduce the administrative burden on business, to reduce the number of officials to deal with embezzlement, tax cuts and interest rate on loans. The following year, on science, we spent less than the maintenance of the State Duma.
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It would be to lower the lending rate, only the real sector this does not quicken.
«SP”: – Why You think so?
– As consumer demand falls, businesses and so refinancing. And when the government cuts back on “social programs” effective demand even more skukozhivaetsya – there is a “domino effect».
I would say more, the economic output of the situation there.
«JV “- Even if a miracle happens, and oil prices sharply jerked upward again?
– They have virtually no impact on the macroeconomic situation. The maximum effect will be to slow the collapse of the economy. Because the crisis is systemic. Let me remind you, the economy began to decline more in 2012 at the peak of petrodollar wealth. Let the oil price increase, but costs are increasing even faster.
«SP”: – According to a recently conducted opinion poll, respondents are increasingly concerned about economic issues and foreign policy of gradually fades into the background.
– All right, I have long said that “refrigerator” sooner or later will win “the TV».
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