The unexpected confrontation between Russia and Turkey remain the focus of the Russian mass media. And, incidentally, what the world is similar to the Russian media Turkish media world? And what is not similar? This is what we have asked to tell Igor Boldyrev – a former journalist and now – the entrepreneur. Since 2013, he is living in Turkey.
Two years ago, I deliberately” got on pause “in his work on domestic television. But the stupid idea to understand our “average viewer” would not let go for a long time. Although not clear that there is particularly looking at. In Russia, the “professional” and cynically built a media giant gnarled and decoration of the ratings, shares and advocacy. And now still shudder to think what will happen when (and – if) it, this decoration, fall, and on the ruins finally there “this is it, the people».
Now I am in Turkey, in a state of some postprofessionalnoy strain, and now in a situation of confrontation between the country of my birth and the country of my current data.
As the Russian media have responded to the current crisis, you can see for yourself. And what is happening now in the Turkish TV? I would call it a state of mild confusion. Erdogan performs in the media is so familiar to us the role of « angry, but just the sultan’s » , and his viziers play « peacekeeping » and provide signals to his colleagues in the Russian Federation and the Turkish-Russian business: they say, let’s turn has its influence and help to resolve the situation. In any case, it is difficult to imagine that on some Turkish TV talk show at least someone allowed himself to call for the use of nuclear weapons (in the meantime, on the channel “Russia” Transfer Solovyov, at the prime-time director of “Mosfilm” Karen Shakhnazarov said the other day the following: “Then we have to bring to the nuclear conflict,” – under the cheers of Zhirinovsky, the Russian first deputy chairman of the “parliament”). Here are three quotes from the media, which reflect, in my view, the overall layout and intonation coverage of the conflict by the Turkish media.
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan in the city of Bayburt stated that Turkey is unintentionally hit by Russian bomber. « This is an automatic reaction to the violation of the airspace of Turkey and the sequence of actions by the rules respond to threats » , – he said . (TRT 27/11/15)
Minister of Food, Agriculture and Livestock Faruk Chalikov stressed the need to seek diplomatic solutions to problems that have arisen after the downed Russian bomber. Faruk Celik noted that the economy of both countries will suffer if the problem spreads to the import-export of agricultural products. (TRT 27/11/15)
President Recep Tayyip Erdogan: « If someone and have to apologize, it is not for us, and those who violated our air space » , – Erdogan said, stressing that they are not willing to strengthen confrontation with Russia. – « Our pilots and Air Force have done their duty, it is our obligation under the rules of the use of military force » – the president said. At the same time he is confident that « again to win diplomacy » and said that he believes that the relationship between the two countries will improve again. (CNN -Türk 28/11/15)
But it is better to distract from the current acute situation with hope for a civilized resolution of it. Now I am more eager to understand why one country TV broadcasting, especially the last two years, has become a powerful, yet unfailing weapon manipulation and propaganda “assemblage of demons.” And in the other, as being, of course, a powerful propaganda resource, still has such a dominant influence on the minds of citizens.
It is obvious that the Turkish home TV once I took pride of place fireplace. Even at the stage of the construction project, modern apartments planned a special place for a big “plasma”. TV revolves around the life of a Turkish family home. Under the new year the Turks treats head of state, not a three-minute greeting dedolaytov in the light, and with many hours of monologue about morality and love of country. Turkish television viewing is different from the Russian not only that. There is a wide range of newsroom and analytical programs (from CNN-Turk, to the “sovereign” TRT), not to say that unbiased, but, after all, the classic in the technological sense, no “coding” klipovoy garbage under the “Ride of the Valkyries by Wagner,” and artistic “improvisation” in the spirit of Dmitry Kiselev.
I do not claim to be representative, because the Turkish data (published by the newspaper “Zaman”), who managed to find, presented 2013 year. But I do not think that the data is now too old. The newspaper “Zaman” reported that 86, 3% of the respondents of Turkish viewers selflessly devoted to the news genre. The average daily time that Turks spend watching TV – 4 hours, this figure is approximately equal to the Russian. However, in the age categories noticeable difference. In the group of 41+, which is a stretch could be compared to our fellow citizens of fifty years, the indicators are beginning to vary by half an hour.
And the older – the more surprising gap. In Turkey there is no data at all indicator “6 hours per day”, while as the Russian pensioner spends so much time at the TV in the “background.” Compare this can not even gender measurements: the record for television viewing in Turkey put only widows, divorced women and housewives – 4.2 hours a day.
Here you can make any conclusions, but they all boil down to the apparent low Employment Russians “50+”, but rather to their poor social adaptation. Mature and old Turk from “loneliness in the air” save not only large family but, for example, municipal clubs of pensioners and Muslim communities at mosques.
Should we now explains why rather “old” Russia most stable audience and fierce media propaganda is our very numerous and respected elder relatives?
Media “menu” Turk is very flexible. Despite the fact that the middle-aged man here, too, likes to “talk” with a TV, a monopoly on the information to in the “age of electronic and digital technologies” are uniquely break newspaper. And this is a significant difference between the Turkish media consumption from Russia.
Reading the newspapers, after all, very personal and leisurely activity, as any reading at all. The press in Turkey is sold in supermarkets next to the cigarettes. There is not a novelty to come, to defend a great all in cash, and buy only the “Zaman” and “Hürriyet”. Morning tea with a newspaper, it’s part of life here. In the niche of the print media, in my opinion, freedom of expression is preserved in Turkish society. The intransigence with which power struggles with newspapermen, only confirms this.
So, the whole world had spread the news that the day before arrested the chief editor and reporter for the newspaper Cumhuriyet («Republic» ) Jan Dündar and Erdem Gul for the article on the supply of weapons to Syria by Ankara. Life sentence, which “light” both journalists, striking the imagination, even Russian. No less striking, and that society stands up for them, using the techniques of street activity. This, of course, does not go to any comparison with the Moscow picket after, say, the attempt on the Russian journalist Oleg Kashin.
When this big problem of the Turkish paper publications is a rigid adherence to the oligarchic groups, often represented by personal enemies of the incumbent. On the one hand, the possibility of bias inevitably means a different kind than the state-owned media, but on the other – encourages the authorities to increase pressure on journalists. The country’s legislation allows you to keep dozens of journalists in jail, and to impose fines of billions of US dollars for newspapers such as «Hürriyet” or Zaman “. The year 2009 can be conventionally considered the beginning of the “hot phase” in relations between the then Prime Minister Erdogan, and a number of opposition media. For the first time when “the media” was presented to an astronomical fine (about 2.4 bln. Dollars) for “defamation” to the ruling party and the prime minister. Now, this method is widely used in practice means endless lawsuits and reprisals against ordinary journalists.
And yet from clear that this is a struggle “forces” with «force». 
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After the recent early parliamentary elections was even more obvious that almost half of the Turkish population, after all, not happy with his authoritarian leader ( a result of these elections, the ruling Justice and Development Party, received 49 4% of the vote, has managed to win more than half the seats in the Majlis of the country, which gives it most and enables to form a single-party government. However, this results in the elections does not allow the AKP to promote the new draft constitution, turning the republic from a parliamentary to a presidential – Editors note ).
The presence of opposition print media, relatively competitive elections – all this well-read Turk “talk” with “loyal” TV on an equal footing. For 61% of respondents in Turkey critical of the role of television, thinking that because of it in the community and there are fears of violence. 39.5% are concerned that the national television propagandizes war and the use of weapons. 52.7% believe that TV broadcasters hinder social development of the Turkish society. It is interesting that the public data on the overall assessment of the Russian TV air limited to vigorous TNS reports like, “Russians in general positive attitude to national television, and the daily average TV viewing time in Russia in 2014 increased for the first time in five years 2,5% ».
You can talk a lot about the difference of our broadcasting. For example, more than 40% of Turkish respondents reported that they regularly watch religious broadcasts on religious channels. Yet it is curious that the average age of the reporter in the Turkish edition is clearly higher than in the Russian (hello lonely Vladimir Kondratyev and NTV), and sex composition of the press corps does not heel to the side “of journalism with a female face».
In contrast, on Turkish television, in Russia at some point, suddenly have the power to hypertrophic electoral value. Deposit Rates of administration of the Russian president on the submission of major federal media (all began, of course, with the destruction of the independence of the former NTV in April 2001), “buying up editors’ smaller, as well as” forward loyalty “of the current rulers and owners rossiykih media – all this has allowed the Kremlin to establish, as now seems complete control of public opinion in the country and manipulate arbitrarily. There was an exodus of an entire generation of media professionals. Interrupted continuity of professional and ethical, but today’s young and pretty inept “landsknehkty” excitedly throwing his face into the furnace of TV propaganda.
Now it seems that out of this propaganda is not sublimation. But remember the diagram of the semi studies “Video International”. According to the forecasts of the largest Sailer, 2018 TV viewing in Russia, for natural reasons, it is reduced by a quarter. And inevitably this is obvious. In any Turkish bus every second passenger “20+” Here sits his nose buried in the mobile Internet. The Russian bus identical picture. Perhaps only the final loss of “magic power over the minds” will give new life to television – and in Turkey, and Russia.
Tags “Hurriyet” brmbardirovki Syria, the Turkish Air Force, the war in Syria, Gian Dündar, Zaman, propaganda, ratings, media in Turkey, SU-24, censorship, Erdem Gul, Erdogan
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