The first stone in the foundation of the Grozny television station was built in 1958. This event is the birthday of Chechen television. The building it was built in the most beautiful corner of the city – in the park of culture and rest. SM Kirov – on the bank. Sunzha doing in a place like this would be a victory lap, green peninsula in the center of Grozny.
In November 1959 the construction of a two-storey building of the television center was completed. More than six months passed its technical equipment. It was created by the latest at the time the conditions for broadcasting. Comfortable and cozy editorial offices around the perimeter of the second floor, announcer and bright make-up and costume rooms, recording studios, film production department, handling and installation of film material, the viewing, cinema projection and assembly halls. Big, roomy storage assets movies and photos. Spacious hardware with directorial and sound engineering consoles and, of course, a pavilion of 200 m2. It was the largest in the North Caucasus – the height of two stories. It could hold the most massive transfer.
Television broadcast in three languages: Russian, Chechen, Ingush.
On the first days of the Grozny television studio remembered as one of its first employees, a journalist, a retired Mahamdi Sadullayev: “In Grozny TV I came first in June 1960. Conducted yet to test the transmission. Grozny TV studio entered the Chechen-Ingush Committee on Radio and Television Council of Ministers of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR, whose chairman was appointed Sergey Lagutin.
first editors were well-known Chechen writers Noordin muse Khasmagomed Edilov. The first television cameramen were Chekashkin Yuri, Evgeny Novikov. First Speakers: the Chechen language – Sultan Guliyev, the Ingush – Lida Yandiev in Russian – Olga Levchenko, later came and Alla Zinchenko.
been at the forefront of young writers and editors and journalists: Yamlihan Khasbulatov, Sultan Yusupov, Viktor Bogdanov, Adam Karataev Nuran Sultan and others.
later came to television and Adiz bite. He was a senior editor of the literary and drama department, where I worked for about nine years. After retiring from the television, I remained his freelancer. And Adiz Kusaev pogotovit often entrusted to me one way or another gear. As an employee Achkhoi-Martan district of the newspaper, I had a good opportunity to carry out his orders.
On peculiarities of the first years of the Chechen television, one of his first employees, while still a student of the school invited to read the texts of children’s programs, Shamsuddin Magomaev recalled: “At the root of Chechen television were: Speakers Sultan Guliyev, Lydia Meysigova Adnan Khatuev, Olga Levchenko Alla Kulikova, sound Vadim Bespalov, editors Sultan Yusupov, Adam Karataev Vera Rudenko, cameramen Alexander Petrov, Nariman Kuzahmetov, cameraman Yuri Timofeev, Nicholas Kwan, director Margarita Kirillov Waha Nasardinov and others. These were high-class professionals, real artists, TV people from God.
features and values ??of the first television programs was that they were invented here in the studio, because it was copied from something impossible showed only local channel, broadcasts of others, Moscow, channels, it was not until 1967 … And in general everything went live, record did not yet know how – it was a living, sincere, momentary, tangible.
enjoyed enormous success of the program in the Chechen language transmission especially senior editor art programs in Chechen S. Yusupov “Sinkeram” and “Sarah-suyrentsa.” Sultan was one of the first professionals who graduated from the Faculty of Journalism at Rostov State University.
in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from May 15, 1960, after the completion of the TV center were regularly conducted telecasts. Great help the Chechen-Ingush Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting in the organization of this work had a journalist and director of Central Television and Kabardino-Balkaria State Committee for Television and Radio.
In 1961, the Committee on Broadcasting Decision of the Council of Ministers of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was transformed into the State Committee for Radio and Television Council of Ministers of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR. Its first director – Chairman – appointed Sergey Lagutin, the first director of the television center – George L. Abashidze, the chief engineer – Selim Eskievich Hatsiev.
the years after SM Lagutin chairmen of Radio and Television and the Chechen Republic Chechen-Ingush ASSR was Yuri V. Marechenkov, Beslan Khaladov, Ramzan Hajiyev, Salavdi Yah’yaev, Hussein Guzuev, Zulay Bulueva, Waha blowhole, Louise Hazhgirieva, Lem Dagalaev, Lecha Bakanaev, Ziyavdi White, Alamahad Elsaev and others.
In parallel with the construction of the television center was grade journalism, director, operator and maintenance personnel and training features in television.
Programs were conducted in the country in three main languages ??- Russian, Chechen, Ingush, 50, 30, 20 per cent, respectively. Were created by Russian, Chechen and Ingush Editorial: social, political, informational, art programs, advocacy, letters, agriculture, industry and transport, children, youth and sports programs, exchange and film programs. And the heart of television – Department of manufacture in which the work of studio planned for the month and quarter, and are set weekly and daily program schedule.
creative directing performed principal and senior editors. Moreover, the editors have always been two – programs in Russian and programs – in the Chechen and Ingush. The first television editors were: Ivan Ilyich Stud, a veteran journalist who edited before the Republican youth newspaper “Komsomolskaya tribe”, and Mohammed Salah Abubakarovich Salaam. Then, over the years editors television writer working Zayndin Mutalibov, Basil Afanasevich Goremykin, poets and journalists: Adiz bite Yamlihan Khasbulatov, Viktor Bogdanov and others.
first senior editors of television were: Sultan Yusupov, Adam Karataev editors: Nuran Sultan, Suleiman Dukuzov and so on. Later, in different years, the senior editor works: Sophia I. Sergeyev, Jacob Vayhselbaum, Larissa Umayskaya, Ibrahim Jabr, Ruslan Karaev, Zoya Ashikhmina, Tamara Mal’sagov …
first editors and correspondents were: Yamlihan Khasbulatov, Viktor Bogdanov, Nurdin muse Khasmagomed aediles Adam Karataev Suleiman Dukuzov, Nuran Sultan Mark Frimer and others. Later, in semdesyatye-nineties of the twentieth century. they joined the ranks of the then young journalists: Zulay Bulueva, Khamzat Tuhashev Adnan Khatuev, Lisa Karnaeva, Waha Hajji Amaev, Said Bashir, Tamara Yunusov, Lilly Nashhoeva and others.
From the first days
Grozny TV studio (GTS) was led by Deputy Chairman of the State Committee CHIASSR Television and Radio Nicholas G. Petrov. After the departure of his retirement – in 1980-2000,. – At various times as Vice Chairman of the Radio and Television were: Anatoly Kovalev, Ramzan Hajiyev, Mohammed Salah Salamov …
directors’ group since the early days led the chief director Margarita Y. Kirillov, in the late seventies was the chief director of Waha Baudinovich Nasardinov that since the beginning of television broadcasting worked as director of editorial art programs. Apart from him in the years to Grozny TV studio working directors: Rose Tretyakov, Ninel Zolotarev, Peter Musayev Ruslan Magomedov, Marguerite Vinokourov, Shamileva Irina, Olga Romanova, Zoe Shakhbulatov, Anatoly Ponomarenko, Ajshat Dzhabrailova and others.
Television Chechen-Ingushetia was first published in 1960. It happened on the evening of 14 May, when the blue lit up TV screens in Grozny and villages of the country and to the people clung to the TV for the first time with words of welcome addressed first speakers Olga Romanova, Sultan Guliyev: “Good evening, dear viewers! On air Grozny TV studio! “. And the air came the first news program.
Go Live broadcast transmission with a 120-meter TV tower, built on the highest point of the city of Grozny – at the top of the mountain Syuir Court in the October district. It belonged to the Broadcasting Center (RTPTS), working in the Chechen-Ingushetia in 1934. Distinguished from all over the plains of the republic of the Black Mountains to the Terek Ridge, from Gudermes to Goragorsky this delicate handsome television became a symbol of Chechen-Ingushetia.
Repeater was not there, so the TV signal does not pass beyond the Terek Ridge and Black Mountains, Gudermes and Goragorsk and residents outside these limits practically transmission Grozny TV studio ever seen. And the TV was not enough, so the happy owner of a “magic box” in the evenings going to the neighbors – from small to large.
But just four years later, in 1964, the situation began to change dramatically. In Grozny, had the first mobile TV station “Magnolia.” But the scope of its application, unfortunately, was also limited: it could only broadcast the programs of line-of-sight transmission towers. And yet she has made a variety of TV programs.
In the same year, construction began on a network of high-power transponders on the Terek Ridge, in the village. Goragorsk, Gudermes, Nozhai-Yurt and other mountain areas in Ingushetia.
«We now have in the country (the Chechen-Ingush – AK) operates two radio stations, television center, mobile TV station. Total volume of local radio and television reaches sixteen hours a day … The country is increasing the number of radio sets, radios and televisions. Now we are more than 90,000 radiotraslyatsionnyh points and more than 160 thousand radios and televisions. Transmission Grozny television studio steadily taken on more than 80% of the country and parts of Dagestan, North Ossetia and Kabardino-Balkaria ».
Particular attention was paid TV journalists broadcasts on patriotic, international, labor and moral education of young people, knowing a huge impact on television audiences and the effectiveness of television.
There were also many programs that were fiction, fictional, recreative (entertaining) character. Television plays regularly preparing the scenarios themselves television journalists, many of whom were writers and playwrights. Enjoyed great popularity and the most enthusiastic responses received and are staged transfer of national traditions and customs, as “Sinkeram” (“Sitting”), “Sarah-suyrentsa” (“Evening – vecherochka”), “The Mansion” (a story for the little ones) , various “Lights” music programs (“From the song of life”, “To those who is friends with the song,” “In the village club”, “New Names”, “In your letters,” “sounding line”), the performances theaters.
It gave occasion to say that radio and television are making huge changes in the cultural development of the country.
even more powerful impetus to the development received a Chechen television in the eighties of the twentieth century. Here are some of the steps it: 1969 – produced the first TV signal from Moscow, began airing the first channel CT in the republic;
1971 – from Moscow to Grozny by Ardon and the famous “Elkhot Gate” laid radioreleneynaya line. Since its entry into service, “the Chechen-Ingush viewers began to take three programs of Central Television and local one.” 1977 – all Soviet television becomes colored. Having been in the same year, mobile television station (TCP) of the “Lotus”, in color began to be broadcast studio and transmission of Grozny, in 1978 – in the “republic built a network of high-power repeaters».
former TV employee who has worked in a collective studio for about thirty years, Ibrahim Jabir says:
– In the 70-80′s television has become a kind of family members in each household. In addition to the display of theatrical performances, and it has implemented its own themed productions. They were placed directors Waha Nasardinov, Sulumbek Mamilov and other experts in the television business. TV documentaries, filmed by television journalists scenarios, took first place at the All-Union and All-Russian competitions and festivals. Viewers will remember well the time these films, “Crane operator”, “On the ground vainakhov”, “towers in the country,” “In the mountains of Chechnya-Ingushetia,” and the like, taken Nasimova B., S. Mamilova and others. They can be considered today gold fund documentary Chechnya.
In years with very weak technical capacity to carry out complex teleconference television, not only with neighboring countries, but also from distant countries of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and others. They have contributed to the strengthening of international friendship of peoples.
very difficult, complex and responsible thing – art TV and radio journalist, so before they became who had just graduated, broad-minded, and only those who have passed through the most severe contests and with the necessary two-month trial period.
In 1980, the “active freelance radio and television has more than 200 workers and rural correspondents. These were the people who know and love their work.
In order to accelerate the growth of the influence of television and the priority in the education process in 1979 was “twice extended production area television station, built three-storey administrative and editorial extension, introduced new equipment, expanded documentary filmmaking and television, commissioned video hardware: only This year, for the first time the video came to Grozny before – twenty years – the TV worked in the live broadcast.
On January 1, 1980, more than 90% of the population covered by television broadcasting;
1980 – is set in the city of Grozny, “a powerful transmitter, it broadcasts in the city and all parts of the country. Equipment for the line delivered by enterprises of the Hungarian People’s Republic of »;
1980 – the first studio equipped with video editing. Installation was carried out on the huge, “thick”, a height taller than a man, VCRs, frame-ZPM with half-meter in diameter spools with a wide (5 cm) film, with the full weight of winding no less than five pounds.
And all these years “in the preparation of interesting, informative programs, staged important, urgent, distressed the more help reporters have provided workers and peasant correspondents. It attached great importance at all times.
The reportchairman of the Union of Journalists of Chechen-Ingushetia for the years 1974-1976 at the Congress of the Republic December 2, 1976 in the section on “The Tasks of the media and propaganda,” said:
«In a series of media republic television plays an important role …”. In 1957, the Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting was established folk orchestra. The first head of it was the composer Alexander Aleppo. After him, in different years, the orchestra composers Adnan Shakhbulatov, Zayndi Chergizbiev, Yuri Dolgov, Ali Dimayev. The first soloist of the orchestra were: Zhansari Shamileva, Aina Askhabov Movlad BurKan, Salman Datsagov. Then over the years it sang Imran Usmanov, Zelimkhan Dudayev, Leila Musaeva (Nozhaeva) and others. Accordion soloist Ramzan Pascali.
weight daily contributions to the development and popularization of the Chechen television announcer introduces a group of Grozny television studio. Collected them, tend to be very strict, meticulously and seriously announces a contest in which applicants allowed to read and recite aloud (check diction), walk across the stage (check the smoothness of motion, projected on the monitor face (photogenic, telegenic). Sure it was necessary to have higher obrazovanie.Ispytyvali future speakers in several rounds. evaluates their solid Arts Council, composed of leadership Gosteleradiokomiteta, editors and chief director of the television studio, director and artistic director of drama theaters, a representative of the Ministry of Culture of the Republic, and so on.
This so says Ibrahim Jabr:
«It was in the early seventies of the last century. One day I accidentally met an interesting person – editor Chechen-Ingush radio Shamoy Tsakaevym. It was he suddenly offered me to make an announced competition in the television studio speakers. He is arguing his proposal’s emphasis on three aspects: physical appearance, manner of communication and tone of voice. Thus was made my first step into television work, without which I do not think of myself today.
contest in 1970 was held in three rounds and is a difficult test. The commission included senior officials from the Council of Ministers, the Regional Committee of Trade Unions, the Ministry of Culture, printing sector of Party Committee, all the TV guide and eminent theater directors ».
After the first announcers Olga Romanova, Sultan Guliyev, Lydia Yandieva, Zina Tsahigovoy, Adnan Khatueva on television “govoritelyami” worked over the years, Ibrahim Jabr, Lisa Berdukaeva, Ruslan Dukayev, Malik Shahgireeva, Dagmara Utsieva, Khamzat Tuhashev, Alla Zinchenko other.
On TV studio was created and successfully worked filmmaking. Filming was carried out experts in their field, highly qualified professionals, cameramen Yuri Chekashkin, Abdullah Bagayev, Clara Titov, Vladimir Belfer, Umar Magomadov, members of the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR Yuri Timofeev, Nicholas Kwan, and others. Directors of all these documentaries and television movies experts Grozny television studio, high-class professionals: graduates of the Directing Department of the Leningrad State Institute of Theatre, Music and Cinematography Waha Nasardinov and Advanced Directing Courses USSR Union of Cinematographers Sulumbek Mamilov and Ratmir Lyanov.
on Grozny TV studio were removed almost all known and ……
During the period from 1960 to 1990 at the Grozny TV station was shot about a hundred television documentaries that were shown not only by all the television studios of the North Caucasus, but also on the three channels of the Central Television and abroad. And they always received high praise of viewers, the republic’s leadership, the State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting of the USSR and the jury of various All-Union and All-Russian festivals, parades and competitions documentaries.
The high professionalism of journalists, cameramen, directors, cameramen (Nariman Kuzahmetov, Adolf Fankuhin, Victor Kolesinikov, etc.) and that the Grozny TV studio was considered one of the best in the Russian Federation and even the All-Union scale, and they say Such facts:
– a group of our television and cameramen, journalists and directors, only one of the studios of the North Caucasus, and in 1980 she was invited to Moscow by Central Television for the preparation and conduct of reporting and broadcasting of competitions and filming Video clips from the Olympics-80;
– while our experts were invited by the Central Television for the preparation and transmission of filming a documentary about the exhibition hall of the Chechen-Ingush, for the first time in the history of individual open on the famous Leipzig Fair in East Germany, in the framework of the exhibition complex of the USSR in 1982. There, clearly showing and telling the guests about the talent of the Chechen people, carved wooden figurines famous sculptor I. Duta hand-woven carpets and carpet-Chechen;
– for outstanding contribution to the development of the Chechen-Ingush television, high professionalism, creativity and success in connection with the thirtieth anniversary of the Chechen-Ingush television studio honorary title “Honored Worker of Culture of Chechen-Ingush ASSR” was given in 1990 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR six employees Television (Adiz Kusaevu, Ibrahim Dzhabirovu, Lilihan Ausheva and others).
In the early eighties many times has increased the audience of television and radio. Built radio link, a radio station PB-23, many teleretranslyatorov. So were able to listen to radio and watch TV channels of local and central in every corner of the Chechen-Ingushetia and neighboring republics. Every year increased the number of people selling radios and televisions.
In 70-90-ies of XX century. creative team Grozny television studio was considered one of the best not only in the North Caucasus, but also in the whole of Russia, would like to give further evidence – the memories of veteran television Viktor Bogdanov. He writes:
– We, the television journalists were doing the program in all classical genres: informational, analytical, thematic, political, social, social, children’s, sports. Use all the features of a mobile TV station, and then – and the recording videotehniki.I not surprising that in 1990, the program prepared by our creative powers to the Central Television, took all four quarters of the first places.
Neoozhidanno new turn in the development of television and radio were notorious glasnost and perestroika.
Hardest publicity has affected the activities of the press, television and radio, as usual, as a rule, they have the most powerful influence on public life. And because victory “in the battle will win the one who will saddle the press, television and radio. The most terrible power – are soldiers with microphones, cameras, pens, and not with Kalashnikovs. The soldiers, journalists affect the brain, not the body. Home War – War Information. No matter what you do, it’s important, as you heard solubility to the society ».
As elsewhere in Russia, Chechnya was also allowed multi-party social movements. And immediately emerged: the Popular Front, the Vainakh Democratic Party, Green Movement, and others. Eased the pressure of censorship, in programs and in television and radio broadcast transmission appeared previously taboo topics on the sides, whose appearance on the television screen for another year or two ago, it was impossible to imagine even in the most fantastic dreams.
Recalling this, a veteran of TV journalism Khamzat Tuhashev writes:
– With delight we took Gorbachev’s perestroika. It became easier to work with. Censorship was less. At this time, the first on the Chechen-Ingush television project I started to watch live “your opinion.” On the first pass, I invited the then Mufti Shahid, Haji Gazabaeva. It was the first in the history of the emergence of a spiritual person on our television screens. Thereafter were “Nazmanash”. Also for the first time. A lot of interesting things happened in my journalistic practice.
«In 1991, after the defeat of the Committee of the State of Emergency (Emergency Committee) came the revolutionary times, and the republic became fierce rallies. Each day, the television studio besieged guards of the National Congress of the Chechen people. Roamed through the building armed, gloomy people who call themselves protected. From those who appear on television was not lights …
began the destruction of Chechen television after thirty years of successful operation and development of the …
A. Kusaev, a veteran of TV and radio journalism honored journalist Czech Republic
No comments:
Post a Comment